Book review: Down Under by Bill Bryson

August 1, 2009

I’ve just finished reading Down Under – or In A Sunburned Country, as it was alternatively known – by Bill Bryson and really enjoyed. I’ve heard about this book for a long while and have heard positive reports on it – both inside and outside of Australia – so I was keen to give a read and see for myself. When a friend passed on the book, I thought now’s the time I can finally get down to reading it.

To be honest, I was a little bit skeptical about reading a Seppo’s accounts on Australia, but quickly found myself at ease with Bryson’s thoughtful, engaging and witty writing style which draws you in and makes you what to read just that one more chapter before you finish for the session. Bryson is an accomplished writer, who clearly had done his homework, studying Australian history and cultural texts and having traveled down under several times before he put pen to paper and it shows as he possesses an admirable trait of being able to view the Australian psyche and eccentricities through an outsider’s eyes.

The book follows Bryson’s journeys across the width and breadth of Australia – barring poor ole Tassie, who doesn’t get a look-in – taking in the sights, viewing the natural wonders and engaging with the colorful locals as he travels. During the book, Bryson also explains some of the history, hostile wildlife and little known factoids on Australia and its inhabitants – many of which locals don’t even know – and laments the fact that Australia is so little known to the outside world, brilliantly illustrated in his opening chapter when on page 4 he mentions that  ‘Australia was slightly more important to us in 1997 than bananas, but not nearly as important as ice cream’ according to the New York Times Index.

Reading this book review you may be under the allusion that Bryson gallivants from five-star hotel to five-star resort whilst riding in first-class style, writing amorously of every location or spot he happens to visit – as travel writers are often found to do. But, nothing could be further from the truth. For the bulk of his trip, he is the solitary member of his continental  jaunt, traveling the long miles of often seemingly featureless, desolate highways linking interior Australia in a rented car. He also doesn’t give Australia and its cities an easy ride necessarily either.

Bryson was found to be largely not too fussed with Canberra and it’s miles of gardens and circular suburban roads, and was not too impressed either with the level of service he found in Darwin, which makes the book all the more enjoyable as it’s real and not needlessly saccharine.

It’s clear throughout the book that Bryson has a strong affection for the country and its people and whilst he does have his critical views and positions on certain topics and issues, in particular towards the position Aboriginal Australians hold in late 20th century Australian society, he overall has the view that Australia is a nation that should be better known, more respected and more often visited.

All in all, although slightly dated now – it was written over 10 years ago, not that that much changes in Australia anyway! – the book is a must-read for anyone hoping to travel to, learn more about, or who just happen to have a vague interest in the intriguing, often perplexing upside-down country-continent of Australia. I give the book four-and-a-half stars out of five. A top read in my book. I now intend to read some more of this bloke, Bryson’s books!

The book has a way of making you want to pack your bags, throw away your responsibilities and book a flight immediately for an Australian road-trip. Perhaps, I might just do that!


Book review : ’1434: The Year a Magnificent Chinese Fleet Sailed to Italy and Ignited the Renaissance’

April 29, 2009

Here is my first – of what will probably become a semi-regular feature of my blog (depends on how quickly I can crank through the books!) – book review. The book is ’1434: The Year a Magnificent Chinese Fleet Sailed to Italy and Ignited the Renaissance’ by Gavin Menzies and is a sequel to his previous book, ’1421: The Year China Discovered America’ in which he somewhat controversially asserted that it was the Chinese not the Europeans who were the first non-indigenous peoples to discover the New World, citing many and varied references – both valid and somewhat dubious, including shipwrecks, artifacts, the appearance of flora and fauna of Asian origin in Pre-Columbian America, indigenous American accounts of ‘yellow-skinned’ foreigners, words and languages of partially Asian origin in the Americas, DNA evidence etc. – to back-up his claims of Chinese discovery of the Americas. His first book proved to be so controversial that it spawned a plethora of anti-1421 websites such as this one, and even books, which set about debunking Menzies’ myths.

But, just as sure as Menzies had his critics, he surely had his followers in greater numbers. So much so that his book went on to become a bestseller, spawned a host of supportive websites (including his own where people can leave their own research and accounts of Chinese discoveries), and spawned several documentaries with talk of feature films being in the mix. Menzies, who possesses a passion for his topic which is uncontrollable and frankly, contagious, brushed aside all criticisms saying that a lot of these critics have based their lives and professional careers around the most accepted beliefs that Columbus and the Europeans were the first to reach the Americas and as such they have the most to lose and understandably are going out of their way to debunk his claims.

1421 described how during the peak of the Ming dynasty in its expansionary, outward-looking phase, great fleets of Chinese fleets led by the great general, Zheng He, would set forth from Nanjing onto Southeast Asia, India and Africa exchanging goods, knowledge and wealth in return for each provinces’ acceptance that the Middle Kingdom was their rightful superior. Many provinces indeed enjoyed the transfer of goods, materials and knowledge from the ‘benevolent father’ and warmly provided dowries for their superiors from the Middle Kingdom. Indeed, it’s irrefutable that there were established trade links between China, Southeast Asia, India, the Middle East and possibly Africa with ports such Guangzhou, Malacca, Kerala, Mombasa possessing ample evidence of significant trade to and from East Asia, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, the Middle East and Africa.

Menzies goes one step further in 1421 to assert that the Chinese didn’t just stop with the Indian Ocean on their quest for worldwide discovery and power, that they indeed traveled to any points of the globe including the Americas, Africa, Australia and even as far afield as Greenland. To back these claims, Menzies points to evidence, which truth be told is quite convincing in the Americas, particularly in certain pockets of the Americas to somewhat dubious when it comes to Greenland, Australia and farther afield. But, despite its downsides where Menzies almost seems to be trying too hard to find a link when there quite likely isn’t one, all in all I came out of the book a believer – believing that there was at least some Chinese settlement, discovery, transfer of knowledge and trade in the New World before the conventional history of  the Europeans being the first to ‘discover’ the New World. Polynesia in particular, is one region of the world where there was no doubt at least some Chinese interaction within the last 1000 years before Cook and co. came around due to DNA evidence, and flora and fauna species.

So, this leads onto to 1434 where Menzies goes one step further in his claims to say that it was indeed the Chinese – through their trade, interaction and transfer of knowledge – who provided the spark to ignite the renaissance and awaken Europe from its prolonged coma of nigh on a millenia. Menzies uses some quite compelling points to indicate that there must have been at least some transfer of knowledge, ideas and philosphies for there to have been this sudden renaissance, where in the space of less than 60 years Europe all of a sudden made significant gains in the fields of astronomy, cartography, geography, weaponry, navigation and shipbuilding. All of which fields the Chinese had superior and exisitng knowledge, and wherby the Europeans seemed to have had an uncanny knack of replicating these products, ideas and philosophies to such a degree that it points to more than coincidence.

But, if the Chinese interacted with the West, why isn’t there any existing Western literature of these grand fleets of learned Oriental gentleman setting forth on the ports of Europe and dispelling their infinite knowledge and wisdom? This is one point that Menzies can’t adequately address in my opinion and one that you can’t help but question yourself. I, for one, am sure that the Chinese – who before their self-imposed retreat from the mid-1400′s onwards were superior to most any civilisation in a host of fields by several centuries and definitely beleive that they did indeed managed to set foot on many lands previously claimed to have been ‘discovered’ by Europeans. I also firmly believe that the transfer of knowledge, goods and materials circulated from Asia to Europe via established Indian Ocean trade routes and the Silk Road. However, I am not as certain as Menzies as to the validity of Chinese vessals actually traveling to Europe as I’m sure had it been the case I’m sure there would have more than snippets of anedoctal evidence to back these claims. That said, I enjoyed 1434 a lot. Perhaps not quite as much as 1421 which really did manage to sink me into the prospect of China having set forth and discovering all these ‘new’ lands. But, nevertheless it’s a great read with some very valid points made along the way. No doubt there are some parts which seem more dubious than others but as I mentioned before, Menzies’ infectious enthusiasm makes you want to believe it all regardless. I gave it 4 and a half stars. I believe no matter what your views on history are, it’s an interesting and exciting read. Whether you believe it’s actual history or pseudo-history, it’s worth a read for you to decide.

The thing I really appreciate about writers such as Menzies and Jared Diamond is their knowledge of their subjects, enthusiasm, thirst for more knowledge and ability to write in layman’s terms about topics which many people may previously thought of as dry and boring into interesting, fascinating and compelling reads. If you have a love for history, geography and social sciences such as myself, I strong recommend you check out their books.

Who knows? Maybe I am Chinese after all! ;)